法律术语翻译的异化：《1989年英国儿童法》汉译的个例研究
2012-01-04 22:01:32   来源：   评论：0 点击：

学科专业名称 英语语言文学  
中文摘要 随着中国“法治化”进程的持续加快和与他国法律往来的不断增多,中国法因其勃发的生命力和浓浓的人文关怀得到了国际社会的一致认可和接受,诸多的法律文本也随之被翻译成多国语言。同时,为了能够规范、合法地参与到国际政治、经济和文化交流之中,特别是为了更好地借鉴和吸收先进法系中的精华,中国也翻译了大量的外国法律文本。在中外法律文本互译的过程中,法律术语因其植根于特定国家的历史文化背景之中从而成为法律译者所必须面临的最大挑战。因此,可以认为法律术语翻译的质量在很大程度上决定了其文本翻译的成败。然而,尽管术语翻译在法律文本互译中有着如此重要的作用,但在其实践过程中却出现了两个不容忽视的问题:一是译者(更确切地说是法律译者)非但未取得相应的社会地位和社会认可,反而却成为指责或批判的对象。更甚的是译者和他们的作品被认为是可有可无的存在,进而导致了二者在理论上和实践中的双重“隐形”;另一问题是翻译理论与法律术语翻译的实践相脱节,致使现存的法律术语翻译研究缺乏一定的科学性和深度。 基于以上问题,本论文将对英语法律术语进行研究,致力于分析异化翻译策略在其汉译过程中的应用和体现,以期实现下列两个目的:第一、解决法律术语翻译中存在的问题:实现法律译者的“显形”和促进翻译理论与法律术语翻译的融合;第二、为法律术语翻译构建一个科学合理的理论框架,希望能惠及未来的法律术语翻译研究。  
英文摘要 With China’s rapid progress in its“rule of law”and frequent legal exchanges with other nations, Chinese laws have achieved more and more international recognition due to its exuberant vitality and bounteous humanistic concerns, enabling quite a number of Chinese legal texts to have been rendered into other languages and meanwhile for the purpose of participating legally and interactively in international political, economic and cultural activities and especially for assimilating essence from advanced legal systems, large quantities of legal texts from other nations have been translated into the Chinese language as well. Legal texts, known as special purpose texts, are abundant in legal terms which are perceived as the greatest challenge translators must be envisaging owing to diverse legal cultural background in which they are profoundly embedded. Therefore, it can be presumed that on a large scale the quality of legal term translation determines the overall quality of legal text translation. However, despite the increasing significance of legal term translation, two severe problems can still be discerned in it: one is the humble status of translators, or rather, legal translators who have not received due respect they shall deserve but a lot of abuse and criticism, more seriously, translators and their works are conceived as something dispensable, ultimately causing their dual“invisibility”both in theory and in reality; the other is the disjunction between translation theories and legal term translation practice, which has resulted in the lack of profundity and scientificity in previous studies on legal term translation. Hence, the author will probe the English legal terms in this thesis, focusing on one of the translating strategies adopted in the process of E-C legal term translation, namely, foreignization strategy and its demonstration in rendering English legal terms, which will help resolve the two problems existing in legal term translation: realizing the“visibility”of legal translators and achieving the integration of translation theories with legal term translation practice. In addition, this research will likewise be intended for the construction of a more reasonably theoretical framework for legal term translation, thus providing conducive references for further legal term studies in the future.